Sodium hydroxide flakes, also known as caustic soda or lye, are a white, solid chemical compound with the formula NaOH. They are highly soluble in water and are known for their strong alkaline properties. Sodium hydroxide flakes are used in various applications, including soap making, water treatment, and chemical manufacturing. Major applications Soap and detergent production: Used in the saponification process, reacting with fats and oils to create soap. Pulp and paper industry: Essential for separating lignin from cellulose fibers in the pulping process. Water treatment: Used for pH adjustment, removing heavy metals, and aiding in coagulation and flocculation. Textile industry: Employed in mercerization to enhance the strength and luster of cotton fibers. Chemical manufacturing: Used as a reactant in the production of various chemicals, such as sodium carbonate. Cleaning and degreasing: A key ingredient in drain cleaners, oven cleaners, and degreasers due to its ability to break down fats and oils. Handling and safety precautions Wear personal protective equipment (PPE): This includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, face shields, and chemical-resistant aprons. Work in well-ventilated areas: Sodium hydroxide dust and fumes can be irritating to the respiratory tract. Avoid direct contact: Do not get the substance on skin or in eyes. Always add sodium hydroxide to water, not vice versa, to avoid a potentially violent exothermic reaction. Use appropriate tools: Use spatulas, tongs, or special containers to minimize direct contact. Do not mix with other chemicals unless specifically instructed: It can react violently with strong acids, certain metals like aluminum, and organic materials. Emergency procedures: In case of contact, immediately flush the affected area with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.