Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, also known as disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula Na₂HPO₄·2H₂O. It is a white, crystalline, and water-soluble powder that is commonly used as a buffering agent, a component in cleaning products, and in various laboratory applications. ApplicationsSodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate finds use in a variety of sectors due to its properties: Pharmaceuticals: Buffering agent: Maintains the pH of medications, affecting their stability, solubility, and bioavailability. Electrolyte replenisher: Used in IV fluids to restore electrolyte balance in dehydrated or ill individuals. Laxative: Can be used to relieve constipation, drawing water into the intestines to soften stool. Contrast agent: Used in medical imaging techniques like X-rays and CT scans to enhance contrast between tissues and organs. Food Industry: pH adjuster: Controls the pH of processed foods, including cereals. Thickening agent: Used in products like tomato sauces and mashed potato mixes. Curing agent: Helps preserve meats and meat products. Emulsifying agent: Stabilizes mixtures of oil and water in food products. Anti-caking agent: Prevents clumping in powdered products. Other Industries: Water treatment: Acts as a water softener and pH adjuster. Detergents: Improves the effectiveness of detergents by enhancing their penetration into fibers and preventing redeposition of dirt and oil. Laboratory Use: Employed as a buffer and reagent for various chemical preparations and reactions. Agriculture: Used as a source of phosphorus in fertilizers.